mininet> 
mininet> h1 ip neigh flush all
mininet> h3 ip neigh flush all
mininet> r0 ip neigh flush all
mininet> h1 ip -4 -br addr
lo               UNKNOWN        127.0.0.1/8 
h1-eth0@if56     UP             192.168.1.131/24 
mininet> h1 ip route
default via 192.168.1.1 dev h1-eth0 
192.168.1.0/24 dev h1-eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.131 
mininet> r0 ip -4 -br addr
lo               UNKNOWN        127.0.0.1/8 
r0-eth0@if59     UP             192.168.1.1/24 
r0-eth1@if60     UP             192.168.2.1/24 
mininet> r0 ip route
192.168.1.0/24 dev r0-eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1 
192.168.2.0/24 dev r0-eth1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.2.1 
mininet> h3 ip -4 -br addr
lo               UNKNOWN        127.0.0.1/8 
h3-eth0@if58     UP             192.168.2.10/24 
mininet> h3 ip route
default via 192.168.2.1 dev h3-eth0 
192.168.2.0/24 dev h3-eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.2.10 
mininet> h1 rm -f /tmp/icmp-A.pcap
mininet> h3 rm -f /tmp/icmp-B.pcap
mininet> h1 tcpdump -i h1-eth0 -n icmp -w /tmp/icmp-A.pcap &
mininet> h3 tcpdump -i h3-eth0 -n icmp -w /tmp/icmp-B.pcap &
mininet> h1 ps aux | grep tcpdump
tcpdump: listening on h1-eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
tcpdump     4640  0.0  0.1  10904  5984 pts/2    S+   11:41   0:00 tcpdump -i h1-eth0 -n icmp -w /tmp/icmp-A.pcap
tcpdump     4642  0.0  0.1  10904  6044 pts/4    S+   11:41   0:00 tcpdump -i h3-eth0 -n icmp -w /tmp/icmp-B.pcap
root        4645  0.0  0.0   9368  2272 pts/2    S+   11:41   0:00 grep tcpdump
mininet> h3 ps aux | grep tcpdump
tcpdump: listening on h3-eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
tcpdump     4640  0.0  0.1  10904  5984 pts/2    S+   11:41   0:00 tcpdump -i h1-eth0 -n icmp -w /tmp/icmp-A.pcap
tcpdump     4642  0.0  0.1  10904  6044 pts/4    S+   11:41   0:00 tcpdump -i h3-eth0 -n icmp -w /tmp/icmp-B.pcap
root        4648  0.0  0.0   9368  2304 pts/4    S+   11:41   0:00 grep tcpdump
mininet>                          
mininet> h1 ping -c 1 192.168.2.10
PING 192.168.2.10 (192.168.2.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=1.66 ms

--- 192.168.2.10 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.659/1.659/1.659/0.000 ms
mininet> h1 pkill -INT tcpdump
2 packets captured
2 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
mininet> h3 pkill -INT tcpdump
2 packets captured
2 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
mininet> h1 ip link show h1-eth0
2: h1-eth0@if56: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 4a:6f:2a:18:f4:80 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
mininet> h3 ip link show h3-eth0
2: h3-eth0@if58: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 2e:ef:81:65:2c:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
mininet> r0 ip link show r0-eth0
2: r0-eth0@if59: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether ea:2e:7b:6d:78:82 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
mininet> r0 ip link show r0-eth1
3: r0-eth1@if60: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 7e:41:8e:cb:65:05 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
mininet> h1 tcpdump -n -e -vv -r /tmp/icmp-A.pcap
reading from file /tmp/icmp-A.pcap, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet)
11:42:14.509645 4a:6f:2a:18:f4:80 > ea:2e:7b:6d:78:82, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 33575, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84)
    192.168.1.131 > 192.168.2.10: ICMP echo request, id 4650, seq 1, length 64
11:42:14.510633 ea:2e:7b:6d:78:82 > 4a:6f:2a:18:f4:80, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: (tos 0x0, ttl 63, id 65287, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84)
    192.168.2.10 > 192.168.1.131: ICMP echo reply, id 4650, seq 1, length 64
mininet> h3 tcpdump -n -e -vv -r /tmp/icmp-B.pcap
reading from file /tmp/icmp-B.pcap, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet)
11:42:14.510255 7e:41:8e:cb:65:05 > 2e:ef:81:65:2c:c9, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: (tos 0x0, ttl 63, id 33575, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84)
    192.168.1.131 > 192.168.2.10: ICMP echo request, id 4650, seq 1, length 64
11:42:14.510299 2e:ef:81:65:2c:c9 > 7e:41:8e:cb:65:05, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 65287, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84)
    192.168.2.10 > 192.168.1.131: ICMP echo reply, id 4650, seq 1, length 64


